Compressed data takes less place and thus may be sent faster across the network. However these advantages transform in drawbacks in the case of parallel distributed data processing where the engine doesn't know how to split it for better parallelization. Fortunately, some of compression formats can be splitted.
Last time we've discovered different encoding methods available in Apache Parquet. But the encoding is not the single technique helping to reduce the size of files. The other one, very similar, is the compression.
